与牛津经济学合作,半导体行业协会(SIA)发布了一项研究,分析了美国的半导体劳动力和国内芯片生产中强大的联邦投资的经济效益。该报告查找半导体行业直接雇用超过47,000名工人,在49个州的高薪研发,设计和制造业工作中,并支持160万额外的美国工作。该研究还项目促进了500亿美元的联邦投资计划,激励国内半导体制造业将产生185,000名临时的美国就业机会,并增加了美国经济的246亿美元,因为新的半导体制造设施或工厂建造在2021-2026。持久的积极影响这一计划将增加280,000个新的就业机会,以至于美国经济,其中42,000人将在半导体行业直接雇用。这将使美国半导体行业就业促进到319,000,其总工事率将其职业总额达到2027年的2.13亿。
The U.S. semiconductor industry is substantial, directly contributing $246.4 billion to U.S. GDP and directly employing over 277,000 workers in 2020. However, the economic contribution of the semiconductor industry extends far beyond fabrication facilities (fabs) or research facilities where its products are designed and manufactured. The strong demand for all types of chips facilitates the need for a broader domestic support ecosystem including manufacturing equipment, materials, design services, testing labs, and R&D activity. This ecosystem creates activities that generate additional economic value throughout the U.S. economy.
We estimate a $50 billion federal investment program to incentivize domestic semiconductor manufacturing would add $24.6 billion annually to the U.S. economy and would create an average of 185,000 temporary jobs annually throughout the U.S. economy from 2021 and 2026. Over this six-year build-out period, therefore, the cumulative annual impact of such an incentive program on GDP and jobs would be $147.7 billion and 1.1 million, respectively.
虽然500亿美元的联邦奖励计划将是一次性投资,但建立国内半导体产业基础设施的最终结果将对美国经济和工作产生持久的积极影响。这一幅度的投资将有助于在美国中估计10个额外的工厂。否则将无法建造并向美国经济添加42,000个新的半导体工作。这种隆起将转化为额外的涟漪效应,即国内半导体行业为美国经济带来了贡献。例如,我们希望美国半导体劳动力达到319,000到2027年,从2020年的277,000人增加42,000。Assuming a similar magnitude of jobs multipliers identified in our 2020 findings, (6.7 jobs multiplier for the semiconductor industry), we anticipate the U.S. semiconductor industry would support roughly 2.13 million jobs in the U.S. economy in 2027, an increase of 280,000 from the 2020 total of 1.85 million.